Day 1
Overview of Treasury Markets, Products and Risks
· The role of treasury in modern organizations
· Treasury focus on liquidity and risk management
· Framework for understanding financial markets products and risks
· Recent developments in markets and impact on treasury
· Challenges in the management of liquidity and risk
· Reporting and management control
· Regulations impacting treasury products
· Expectations for the future for treasury products and risk management
Cash Money Market Products
· Characteristics of short-term government bills and commercial paper
· Ratings for money market products
· Conventions for interbank and central bank deposits
· Other money market products, including bankers acceptances and repurchase agreements
· Modeling cash flows in money-market products
· Liquidity and risk characteristics
· Money market rates, discounts, and yields
· Bid and offer for money market products
· Recent trends and drivers of rates
· The role of central banks in short term markets
· Accounting and fair value of money market products
· Trading and positioning money market products
· Gapping strategies and risk management for money market positions
· Counterparty, credit, and liquidity concerns arising from money market positions
Bond Products and Risk Management
· Definitions and characteristics of bonds
· Modeling bond cash flows
· Risk and returns in bond positions
· Total return budgeting and management
· Coupon frequency conventions
· Calculating yields, prices, and accrued interest
· Yield compounding conventions and conversions
· Analysis and modeling risks from changes in the yield curve
· Current central bank actions impacting the yield curve
· Impact on government bonds from deficits, and debt levels
· Sovereign risk and liquidity for government bonds
· Price risks from bond duration, PV01 and convexity
· Constructing instantaneous long-short bond hedges
· Dynamic risk management of bond positions
· Value at Risk for bond positions
· Use of repurchase agreements in bond positions
· Correlated risks in bond portfolios
Day 2
Bond Products and Risk Management (continued from Day 1)
Delta One Foreign Exchange Products and Risk Management
· Overview of foreign exchange markets and risks
· Evolution of floating, fixed and other variations of exchange rates
· Recent trends and likely future trends in foreign exchange
· High frequency trading in foreign exchange
· Relation of foreign exchange to other markets
· Understanding quotations in the foreign exchange market
· Liquidity and risk considerations in pricing and fair values marks
· Foreign exchange positioning
· Accounting and fair value of foreign exchange positions
· Spot FX trading skills
· Efficient use of bid and offer trade quotes
· Positions created by customer and proprietary trades
· Calculation of no-arbitrage and real market FX forward rates
· Frictions in markets that drive FX forward rates away from no arbitrage
· Risk management & control of FX positions
· Static and dynamic hedging FX delta one books
· Relationship between risk and return for FX book
· Analytical and parametric risk models
· Counterparty and liquidity concerns arising from FX positions
Excel Exercises
Foreign Exchange Options and Risk Management
· Review of foreign exchange options products and markets
· Various uses for FX options
· Options combinations strategies
· Hedging versus trading activities
· Analytical and numerical options pricing techniques
· Option pricing through Monte Carlo simulations
· Mark-to-market and mark-to-model techniques
· Market risk management
· Optimal hedging of the Greeks
· Relationship of hedge imperfections to options pricing
· Second order risk sensitivities: Volga and Vanna
· Market liquidity constraints and risks
· Applications for exotic and structured FX options
· Pricing and risk managing exotic options
· Special concerns for knock-outs (ins), other barriers, and digital options
· Risks in trading FX derivatives
· Accounting, liquidity, and counterparty risks arising from FX derivatives
Excel Exercises
Day 3
Foreign Exchange Options and Risk Management (continued from Day 2)
Interest Rate Derivatives Products and Risk Management
· Review of interest rate derivatives products and market risks
· Applications for interest rate derivatives products
· Hedging versus trading activities for derivatives
· Pricing interest rate forwards and futures
· Comparison of characteristics of forwards and futures
· Interbank and bond futures contracts specifications
· Dynamic risk management by tailing hedges in futures positions
· Understanding interest rate swaps risks as portfolios of forwards
· Swaps risks as long-short pairs trade positions
· Short-rate options pricing and risk management
· Bond and swap options pricing and risk management
· Mark-to-market and mark-to-model techniques
· Dynamic market risk management of interest rate derivatives
· Hedging strategies and effectiveness accounting requirements
· Trading interest rate derivatives
· Position limits and risk budgets
· Accounting, liquidity, and counterparty concerns arising from interest rate derivatives
Day 4
Interest Rate Derivatives Products and Risk Management (continued from Day 2)
Credit Risks and Credit Derivatives
· Applications for credit derivatives products in treasury
· The nature of credit risk for treasury products
· Credit and Debit Valuation Adjustments (CVA and DVA)
· Types of credit derivatives
· Conventions and structures for single name and index credit default swaps (CDS)
· Relationship of CDS to bonds, interest rate swaps, and money market instruments
· Pricing CDS using conventional models
· Probabilities of default risk
· Risk of loss given default and recovery
· Exposure at default
· Correlation risks for portfolio credit derivatives
· Hedging credit risks and trading credit positions using credit derivatives
Excel Exercises
Structured Treasury Investments and Risk Management
· Investment risks and rewards
· Measuring risk-adjusted performance
· Structured investment instruments for treasury portfolios
· Classification of commonly used structured investment products
· Market-linked notes and deposits
· Capital-guaranteed products
· Participation notes
· Accrual notes
· High coupon reverse convertible/redemption structures
· Exotic and advanced products with higher expected returns and risks
· Managing risks from creating these products
· Establishing policies for cash management investing
· Investment return benchmarks
· Performance measurement and attribution risks
Course Summary
· Evolving role of treasury products and risk management
· Process for developing and adopting new products
· Changing regulations and requirements
· Best practices and ethical use of treasury products
· Measuring and rewarding treasury performance and risk management